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Top 10 List of Week 01

1. Difference between bash and zsh
   

   Both are shells that serve as an interface between the user and the operating system services. Bash were created first (Bourne Shell) and later came Zshell or ZSH that has a few new features such as better autocompletion, performance, and configurations.
   

2. What is UEFI and how is it different from BIOS
   

   BIOS is a firmware that serves as the most basic interface layer between the hardware and operating system. UEFI is a newer model of BIOS that is slowly replacing the usage of BIOS in computers.
   

3. Processors are pushing up against the limits of physical hardware
   

   There are physical limitations (such as the smallest possible component is the size of an atom) however we would most likely encounter a softer limit before reaching that deadend which is easier to work around.
   

4. Multi-threading and multi-core
   

   Both aspects exploit concurrency to spread the processing load. The core difference is where that spread happens. Multi-threads are a processor-level optimization to improve area and energy efficiency whereas multi-cores are a system-level technique.
   

5. Concurrency vs. Parallelism
   

   Parallelism is a specific kind of concurrency where tasks are really executed simultaneously. A system is said to be concurrent if it can support two or more actions in progress at the same time. A system is said to be parallel if it can support two or more actions executing simultaneously.
   

6. Virtual memory in operating system
   

   The system/program maps memory addresses as virtual addresses and treats it as physical addresses in the computer’s main memory.
   

7. What is the C standard library
   

   The C standard library provides macros, type definitions and functions for tasks such as string handling, mathematical computations, input/output processing, memory management, and several other operating system services.
   

8. What is an API?
   

   An API is what defines the kind of interactions between softwares/programs such as the kinds of request that can be made, how to make them, and the data format used.
   

9. Bash scripting for beginners
   

   Here is a short tutorial for bash shell script basics.
   

10. Process manager in operating system
    

    Process managers are responsible for the creation of processes, scheduling them, managing deadlocks, and termination of a process.